Introduction
As recipients of a SAVE THE FROGS! Amphibian Conservation Award in the amount of $599, our team embarked on a crucial project aimed at the conservation of Eichwald’s Toad (Bufo eichwaldi), a species endemic to Iran’s Hyrcanian forests along the southern shores of the Caspian Sea. Recognizing the urgent threats to the species posed by roadkill and invasive species, alongside the need for increased public awareness, this initiative was conceived to address these multifaceted challenges and ensure the survival of this valuable amphibian species.
Bufo eichwaldi in amplexus
Importance of the Project
Eichwald’s Toad plays a pivotal role in the biodiversity of the Hyrcanian forest ecosystem, serving as both predator and prey in its food web. However, its existence has been increasingly threatened by human activity and ecological disruptions. The need to preserve this species is not only critical for maintaining ecological balance but also for protecting the genetic uniqueness and biodiversity of the region.
At the Sustan Wetlands, Bufo eichwaldi have a great place for breeding, but unfortunately there are many roadkill incidents.
Project Activities
Phase 1: Wetland and Roadkill Surveys
During a visit to the Sustan Wetlands in February 2023, we observed a remarkable number of Bufo eichwaldi in amplexus, with numerous egg masses found attached to vegetation in the spawning pool. This indicated a high level of breeding activity, underscoring the wetland’s importance as a habitat for the species. Unfortunately, we also found a significant number of toads that had been killed by vehicular traffic.
Phase 2: Public Awareness and Education
We developed and distributed 1,000 informational brochures, focusing on the ecological significance of Bufo eichwaldi and the impact of roadkill, a significant threat to their survival. These materials targeted local residents and tourists, aiming to cultivate a broader understanding and appreciation for the toad, and promoted safer driving practices near their habitats.
Phase 3: Infrastructure Enhancements
Our efforts to protect Bufo eichwaldi from roadkill led to the strategic installation of 25 warning signs and eight speed bumps at critical points around the Sustan wetland, especially where toad fatalities were historically high. These measures were designed to alert drivers to the presence of migrating toads during breeding season and to significantly reduce vehicular speeds, thereby decreasing the likelihood of roadkill.
Installing speed bumps to slow traffic.
Observations and Outcomes
The interventions of warning signs and speed bumps have led to a notable decrease in roadkill incidents. Additionally, the project fostered increased community engagement, with many locals expressing greater appreciation for the toads and their ecological role.
An additional challenge arises from the introduction of an invasive red fish species into these water bodies. A tradition associated with the Iranian New Year, or Nowruz, involves the inclusion of red fish as a central element of the Haft Sin table, symbolizing life and vitality. Following the celebrations, it is common practice to release these fish into local waterways, including rivers, lakes, dams, wetlands, and ponds. Unfortunately, this practice has contributed to the proliferation of red fish, an invasive species that severely impacts the native aquatic ecosystem. Rapidly increasing in number, these fish prey on the eggs of Eichwald’s toad, leading to a significant reduction in the population of Bufo eichwaldi offspring observed during the May and June following their release.
A nearly completed speed bump
Future Plans
Expansion of Educational Campaigns
Broadening the scope of our educational materials and programs to reach a wider audience.
Habitat Protection
Implementing measures to protect and restore Bufo eichwaldi‘s natural habitats, including efforts to control and reduce the impact of invasive species.
Community Engagement
Deepening our work with local communities to foster a culture of conservation and sustainable coexistence with local wildlife.
Research and Collaboration
Pursuing collaborative research opportunities to better understand the threats to Bufo eichwaldi and develop more effective conservation strategies.
Completed speed bump and educational signage at adjacent to a wetland
Conclusion
The conservation of Bufo eichwaldi is a testament to the power of community engagement, targeted interventions, and the vital importance of preserving our world’s unique biodiversity. Through the dedicated efforts of our team, the support of the SAVE THE FROGS! Amphibian Conservation Award, and the involvement of local communities, we have taken significant steps towards ensuring the survival of this remarkable species. As we look to the future, we are committed to continuing our work, expanding our impact, and fostering an environment where Bufo eichwaldi can thrive for generations to come.
Educational signage our team installed
Acknowledgments
We extend our deepest gratitude to SAVE THE FROGS! for their generous support, without which this project would not have been possible. We also thank the local communities around the Sustan wetland for their enthusiasm and engagement, which have been crucial to our project’s success.
Speed bump installation at a section of road with high roadkill
About SAVE THE FROGS! Grants
This project was funded in part via a SAVE THE FROGS! Amphibian Conservation Award. We award these grants to talented conservationists who share our love of amphibians and our desire to protect them. SAVE THE FROGS! Grants contribute significantly to worldwide amphibian conservation efforts and also to the career development of the awardees. Learn more about SAVE THE FROGS! Grants here.
Your generous donation to SAVE THE FROGS! makes projects like this possible.
